10.0 References and Sources

10.1 NANNY STATE – BrewDog Recipes https://brewdogrecipes.com/recipes/nanny-state

10.2 Everything To Know About Non-Enzymatic Mashing In 2021 (bisonbrew.com) https://bisonbrew.com/non-enzymatic-mashing/

10.3 Cold Extraction of Malt Components and Their Use in Brewing Applications – Brewing With Briess https://www.brewingwithbriess.com/blog/cold-extraction-of-malt-components-and-their-use-in-brewing-applications/

10.4 Adjuncts Explained – Brew Your Own (byo.com) https://byo.com/article/adjuncts-explained/

10.5 The Foaming Properties Of Beer, By C. W. Bamforth 1985 Vol. 91 pp.370-383 pdf. File

10.6 LalBrew Windsor™ – British-Style Beer Yeast | Lallemand Brewing https://www.lallemandbrewing.com/en/united-states/product-details/windsor-british-style-beer-yeast/

10.7 SafAle™ S-33 – Brewing yeast for fruity & hoppy beers – Fermentis https://fermentis.com/en/product/safale-s-33/

10.8 Tips for Brewing Non-Alcoholic and Low Alcohol Beer | White Labs https://www.whitelabs.com/news-update-detail?id=44&type=NEWS

10.9 SafBrew™ LA-01 – Dry yeast for low and non-alcoholic beers – Fermentis https://fermentis.com/en/product/safbrew-la-01/

10.10 Mash Temperature and Beer Body in All Grain Brewing (beersmith.com) http://beersmith.com/blog/2012/12/20/mash-temperature-and-beer-body-in-all-grain-brewing/

10.11 Manipulating the Starch Conversion Rest – How to Brew http://www.howtobrew.com/book/section-3/how-the-mash-works/manipulating-the-starch-conversion-rest

10.12 The Boiling Point of Alcohol https://www.thoughtco.com/boiling-point-of-alcohol-608491

10.13 The Beer Dealcoholization Process | Scan American Corporation https://scanamcorp.com/beer-dealcoholization/

10.14 Alcohol Burn-Off Chart | CraftyBaking | Formerly Baking911 https://www.craftybaking.com/howto/alcohol-burn-chart

10.15 Removing Alcohol from Wine – https://www.ift.org/news-and-publications/food-technology-magazine/issues/2000/november/columns/processing

10.16 How to Pasteurize Beer https://cbp.goodnature.com/how-to-pasteurize-beer

10.17 Experiment: Home Pasteurization | Craft Beer & Brewing https://beerandbrewing.com/experiment-home-pasteurization/

10.18 How to Stop Cider Fermentation for Sweet Hard Cider – Home Cider Making https://www.homecidermaking.com/how-to-stop-cider-fermentation/

10.19 Temperature Controller – Inkbird https://inkbird.com/collections/temperature-controller

10.20 58L Kegmenter 304 Stainless – Uni Tank – Pressurisable Fermenter https://www.kegland.com.au/58l-kegmenter-304-stainless-uni-tank-pressurisable-fermenter.html#:~:text=The%20Kegmenter%20can%20hold%202.5bar%20which%20makes%20it,a%20CO2%20gas%20cylinder%20you%20can%20force%20carbonate.

10.21 Stovetop Pasteurization | Non-Existent Brewing https://nebrewing.wordpress.com/2014/10/24/stovetop-pasteurization/

10.22 Pasteurization | Craft Beer & Brewing https://beerandbrewing.com/dictionary/edvVKFchSZ/

10.23 Fact or Fiction – Botulism in Beer? Part V – Sui Generis Brewing http://suigenerisbrewing.com/index.php/2020/01/29/botulism-in-beer/

10.24 Clostridium botulinum can grow and form toxin at pH values lower than 4.6 – PubMed https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39257/

10.25 Premium Alcohol Free Malt Extract – Muntons https://www.muntons.com/brewing_distilling/premium-alcohol-free-extract/#:~:text=Muntons%20Premium%20Alcohol%20Free%20Malt%20Extract%20is%20a,more%20time%20wasted%20on%20trial%20and%20error%20brews

10.26 Yeast Guide | BeerAdvocate https://www.beeradvocate.com/beer/101/yeast/

Grain Reference Links

  1. Beer Adjuncts, Their Role and Brewing Variety https://www.thespruceeats.com/beer-adjuncts-guide- 353147#:~:text=%20Beer%20Adjuncts%2C%20Their%20Role%20and%20Brewing%20Variety,Unmalted%20barle y%2C%20corn%2C%20rice%2C%20rye%2C%20and…%20More%20

  2. What are specialty malts in brewing? https://smallbatchbrew.com.au/specialty-malts-brewing/

  3. Brewing Ingredients – Michigan Brew Supply https://www.mibrewsupply.com/brewing-ingredients

Beer Strain Reference Links

  1. What is the STA-1 gene in some yeast strains? – The Homebrew Beer Academy https://www.thehomebrewbeeracademy.ca/blogs/news/what-is-the-sta-1-gene-in-some-yeast-strains#:~:text=The%20presence%20of%20the%20STA1%20gene%20causes%20the,beer%20beyond%20what%20ordinary%20brewer%E2%80%99s%20yeast%20is%20capable.

  2. Brochure_Fermentis_Tips_and_Tricks_EN.pdf http://www.castlemalting.com/Presentations/Brochure_Fermentis_Tips_and_Tricks_EN.pdf

  3. Brewer’s yeast strains – Our range of active dry yeast for beer Fermentis – https://fermentis.com/en/fermentation/beer-brewing-solutions/active-dry-yeast/.

  4. Brewing Yeast | Lallemand Brewing https://www.lallemandbrewing.com/en/canada/products/brewing-yeast/

  5. Yeast and Bacteria Bank | White Labs https://www.whitelabs.com/yeast-bank

  6. Yeast Strains for Beers | Wyeast Laboratories https://wyeastlab.com/beer-strains.

  7. NEER® https://www.chr-hansen.com/en/food-cultures-and-enzymes/fermented-beverages/cards/product-cards/neer

Cider and wine strain references

  1. In vivo recombination of Saccharomyces eubayanus maltose-transporter genes yields a chimeric transporter that enables maltotriose fermentation Nick Brouwers1‡ , Arthur R. Gorter de VriesID1‡ , Marcel van den Broek1 , Susan M. Weening1 , Tom D. Elink SchuurmanID2 , Niels G. A. Kuijpers2 , Jack T. PronkID1 , JeanMarc G. DaranID1 * 1 Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629HZ Delft, The Netherlands, 2 HEINEKEN Supply Chain B.V., Global Innovation and Research, Zoeterwoude, Netherlands

  2. Saccharomyces bayanus Enhances Volatile Profile of Apple Brandies Magdalena Januszek 1, *, Paweł Satora 1, Łukasz Wajda 2 and Tomasz Tarko 1 1 Department of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Balicka Street 122, 30-149 Kraków, Poland; pawel.satora@urk.edu.pl (P.S.); tomasz.tarko@urk.edu.pl (T.T.) 2 CDC Poland Sp. z o.o., ul. Zagna ´nska 153, 25-563 Kielce, Poland; lukasz.wajda8@gmail.com * Correspondence: magdalena.kostrz@urk.edu.pl Received: 14 June 2020; Accepted: 6 July 2020; Published: 8 July 2020

  3. Cider yeast strains to create cider profile diversity – Fermentis https://fermentis.com/en/knowledge-center/expert-insights/cider/exploring-cider-profiles/

  4. Glycerol and Winemaking Lallemand Wine https://www.lallemandwine.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/Wine-Expert-120321-WE-Glycerol-and-WInemaking.pdf

  5. The Complex Case of Thiols | Craft Beer & Brewing https://beerandbrewing.com/the-complex-case-of-thiols/

  6. Effects of Low Nitrogen Stress on the Amount of Higher Alcohols in Wine in Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Xinjie Zhao1, Xue Yang1, Yuxia Sun2, Shujia Dong1 and Zhen Yang1, * 1 Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Engineering, School of Biologic Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250300 Shandong, China 2 Institute of Agricultural Products, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250300 Shandong, China. https://www.atlantis-press.com/article/125908205.pdf

  7. Free Amino Nitrogen – The Brewers Journal https://www.brewersjournal.info/free-amino-nitrogen/

  8. Active dry yeast for winemaking – Wine yeast strains – Fermentis https://fermentis.com/en/fermentation/wine-making/active-dry-yeast-wine/

  9. Craft Series Wine Yeast – Mangrove Jack’s https://mangrovejacks.com/collections/craft-series-wine-yeast

  10. Craft Series Cider Yeast – Mangrove Jack’s https://mangrovejacks.com/collections/craft-series-cider-yeast

  11. Wine Yeasts | Catalogue | Lallemand Wine https://www.lallemandwine.com/en/australia/products/catalogue/

  12. Specialty yeasts for advanced winemaking https://www.chr-hansen.com/en/food-cultures-and-enzymes/fermented-beverages/cards/collection-cards/speciality-yeast

  13. White Labs Wine, Mead, and Cider Yeast https://www.whitelabs.net.au/beer-making/beer-yeast/whitelabs-yeast/wine-mead-cider-yeast.html

  14. Yeast Strains for Mead | Wyeast Laboratories https://wyeastlab.com/mead-strains